目 录
设计总说明 I
introduction II
1 绪论 1
1.1 模具概述 1
1.1.1 前言 1
1.1.2 国产轿车覆盖件模具开发能力 1
1.1.3 国外覆盖件模具设计 2
1.1.4 我国冲压模具制造现状 2
1.1.5 未来冲压模具制造技术发展趋势 2
1.2 实习公司介绍 4
2 设计准备资料 4
2.1 设计参考床台 4
2.2 发动机罩外板模具设计工法图一份。 5
2.3 设计规范 5
2.4 资料引用:拉延模设计手顺流程 5
2.4.1 上模(事前准备好工法图): 5
2.4.2 下模(事先准备好工法图): 5
2.5 汽车开发流程: 6
2.6 汽车钣件开发流程: 6
2.7 模具开发流程 6
2.8 模具设计的安全要点 7
3 设计流程 8
3.1 基准线 8
3.1.1 基准线 D.D.L (Die Datum line). 8
3.1.2 描绘P.O.L (Punch Open Line). 8
3.1.3 素材形状大小 8
3.1.4 B/H面(即压边圈)的设定 8
3.1.5 设定Press Center. 9
3.1.6 冲床最大尺寸 9
3.1.7 布置压力销孔位置 9
3.2 定位具 9
3.2.1 定位具的作用 9
3.2.2 定位具的选择 9
3.3 B/H(压边圈)的设计尺寸 11
3.4 导跟(滑板)的设计 12
3.4.1 滑板的作用 12
3.4.2 选定滑动部位的引导形式 12
3.4.3 滑板的安装 12
3.5 安全区 14
3.6 停止块之设置 15
3.7 模具外型尺寸 铸入的吊钩 16
3.8 铸物构造 17
3.9 模具内部的构造 18
3.10 模具外缘的构造 20
3.11 钣金形状面上之构造 21
3.11.1 加工基准孔设定 21
3.11.2 有否设置后工程之基准销孔 21
3.11.3 成形到底记号 21
3.11.4 注意铸物逃隙,避免干涉 22
3.11.5 注意有否空气逃孔 22
3.11.6 端子箱,集管座在投入侧右前方 23
3.12 泄水孔的设计 23
3.13 防尘盖板的设计 23
3.14 安全护罩的设计 23
3.15 投入 取出辅助棒 23
4 设计总结 24
鸣 谢 25
参考文献 26
设计总说明
模具技术是现代制造业的灵魂,是工业之母,是衡量一个国家制造业水平高低的重要指标。本文设计的是汽车发动机罩外板冲压模具第一工程所使用的拉延模。通过这次设计,提高了对现代模具设计与制造的认识,达到学校教育与实际生产相结合的目的。
汽车车身开发的关键在于汽车覆盖件模具的设计和制造,发动机罩一般由外板和内板构成,中间夹以隔热材料,而发动机罩外板是覆盖发动机舱的盖板,也是表现汽车车身设计艺术的一个重要部位。这就使得模具的结构比较复杂和对精度的要求比较高。本课题是由海南瑞利工业有限公司提供,从公司得到的是发动机罩外板的工法图和设计参考床台的有关资料,设计依据为瑞利公司模具设计的设计标准。设计的模具满足冲压机床的规格,所使用的零件是在市场出售的标准零部件和自己公司专用的个别零部件。设计的冲压模具的结构是否合理,是否好用,对能否生产出合格的工件,开发的新产品能否成功,是至关重要的。一套模具,结构简单的不过几十个零部件组成。但是,我们绝不能小看它。模具设计完备,所完成的只是初步的构想图,应通过图纸结合泡沫模型做消失模并进行验收,还应组织包括工艺设计者、项目规划员、模具调试人员、模具操作者等相关人员进行讨论验收。对于在冲压工艺上难以解决的成形问题,还应邀请产品开发人员一同讨论,寻求对产品进行更改设计的可能性。设计过程应当是一个弹性的过程,富有创造性的过程。设计没有唯一的答案。作为产品开发的源头与重要环节,应该根据产品的质量、成本、周期,找到满足各种制约的最优解。应充分根据企业的生产规模、冲压设备状况和模具加工能力的实际情况,灵活掌握。以便设计出最经济、合理的模具。
关键词: 机械制造;轿车覆盖件;发动机罩外板;拉延模具;模具设计
introduction
Advanced technology is the soul of modern manufacturing is the home of industrial, manufacturing is a measure of the level of a country's important targets. This is the engine cover design, board stamping dies used in pulling one engineering service modules. Through this design, improved design and manufacture of components for modern understanding reached school education combined with the actual production purposes.
Motor vehicle body development lies in the coverage of the design and manufacture of dies, the engine cover, board and general composition of the board, trapped in the middle insulation materials, and engine cover, the board is covered engine module flanges, but also the performance of the vehicle body design arts an important part. This makes the instrument more complex structure and relatively high demand for precision. This topic is provided by Hainaruili Industrial Limited, the company received from the engine cover of the law, board design reference bed Taiwan, and the relevant information based on the design layout design for Rayleigh company design standards. Ram machine tool design layout meet the specifications of parts used in the standard market to sell their parts and components and parts company dedicated individual. Advanced structural design ram is reasonable, whether known to be produced qualified her, the success of new product development is essential. A warning, but dozens of simple structural components. However, we must not overlook it. Advanced design complete, the preliminary concept plan is completed, the model should be done through drawings of the bubble disappear modules and acceptance, but also organizations, including craft designers, project planners, dies debugging personnel, and other related personnel warning operators to discuss acceptance. For ram formative processes of intractable problems, it should be invited to discuss product development personnel, the search for the possibility of design changes to products. Design process should be a flexible process, creative process. Design not only answer. As a source of product development and important links should be based on product quality, cost, cycle and find the best solutions to meet various constraints. Should be fully in accordance with their production scale, stamping equipment conditions and the actual instrument processing capacity, flexibility. To design the most economic and rational layout.
Keywords: Mechanical manufacturing; Car cover pieces; Engine's outer cover; mould for stretch and extension; Mould design
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